Bilingual Mortgage Terms Glossary
Mortgage paperwork mixes English and Chinese terms constantly, and it's easy to lose track of which Chinese term maps to which English one. This page lists 24 common terms with their Chinese name, common aliases, English name, English aliases, and a one-line explanation in both languages — this is also the single reference every other page on this site points back to, so the same term means the same thing wherever you run into it.
Last updated 2026-09-01
反向按揭 (反向抵押贷款) / Reverse Mortgage
55岁以上房主用房屋净值换现金，不用卖房也不用每月还款。
Homeowners 55+ borrow against home equity with no monthly payments.
再融资 (转贷、加按) / Refinance
用一笔新贷款换掉现有房贷，通常为了更低利率或套出净值。
Replacing your current mortgage with a new one, often for a better rate or cash.
套现再融资 (套现) / Cash-Out Refinance
再融资时贷款额高于原欠款，多出部分以现金拿到手。
Refinancing for more than you owe and taking the difference in cash.
房屋净值信用额度 (HELOC) / HELOC (Home Equity Line of Credit)
用房屋净值抵押的循环信用额度，随用随还，像信用卡。
A revolving credit line secured by home equity — borrow and repay as needed.
房屋净值 / Home Equity
房产市值减去还没还清的贷款余额，是你名下真正的资产。
Your home's market value minus what you still owe on it.
房贷续约 (续约、续贷) / Mortgage Renewal
合同期到期后，跟原银行或新银行重新签一份利率和条款。
Signing new rate and terms when your current mortgage term ends.
自雇收入 (申报收入) / Self-Employed Income (Stated Income)
银行看你报税表上的净收入，不是银行账户里的实际进账。
Lenders assess your net income on tax returns, not actual cash flow.
压力测试 / Stress Test
银行按比你实付利率更高的假设利率，测你能不能扛得住。
Banks qualify you at a higher hypothetical rate than you'll actually pay.
最优惠利率 / Prime Rate
银行给最优质客户的基准利率，浮动房贷利率跟着它涨跌。
The benchmark rate banks use; variable mortgage rates move with it.
触发利率 / Trigger Rate
固定月供的浮动利率贷款里，月供不再够付利息的临界利率。
The rate at which your fixed payment no longer covers the interest owed.
固定月供浮动利率贷款 (VRM) / VRM (Variable Rate Mortgage (fixed payment))
利率会变但月供金额不变，利率涨了会先吃掉还本金部分。
Rate floats but payment stays fixed; a rate hike eats into principal first.
利率差额补偿金 (IRD) / IRD (Interest Rate Differential)
提前解约固定利率贷款时，按利率差额算的一种违约金。
A penalty for breaking a fixed mortgage early, based on the rate gap.
混合型房贷 / Hybrid Mortgage (Combination Mortgage)
一笔贷款里同时有固定和浮动两部分，各占一定比例。
One mortgage split into a fixed-rate portion and a variable-rate portion.
摊还期 / Amortization
按当前还款节奏，把整笔房贷全部还清需要的总年数。
The total number of years needed to fully pay off the mortgage.
合同期 (Term) / Term
当前这份利率和条款生效的年限，到期后要续约或转贷。
How long your current rate and terms lock in before renewal is needed.
房贷可携带 (Port贷款) / Porting a Mortgage
换房时把现有房贷条款带到新房子上，不用违约解约。
Moving your existing mortgage terms to a new home without breaking it.
提前还款违约金 (解约金) / Prepayment Penalty
提前多还或解约要付的费用，取三月利息和IRD两者较高者。
The fee for paying early — the greater of 3 months' interest or the IRD.
贷款成数 (LTV) / LTV (Loan-to-Value)
贷款额占房产价值的比例，数字越高代表首付比例越少。
Loan amount as a percentage of the property's value.
收入负债比率 (GDS/TDS) / GDS/TDS Ratio
收入里能花在住房/全部负债上的比例上限，银行用它卡额度。
The maximum share of income banks allow for housing and total debt.
商业房贷 / Commercial Mortgage
用于购买/持有商业物业（店面、写字楼等）的贷款。
A loan for buying or holding commercial property like retail or office space.
B类贷款 (私人贷款) / B-Lender (Private Lending)
不满足大银行条件时，转向门槛更松、利率更高的贷款渠道。
Lenders with looser criteria and higher rates when banks say no.
房贷违约保险 (CMHC保险) / Mortgage Default Insurance (CMHC Insurance)
首付低于20%时强制买的保险，保护的是银行不是你。
Mandatory insurance below 20% down — it protects the lender, not you.
首付款 (首期) / Down Payment
买房时自己先付的那部分钱，剩下的才是贷款额。
The upfront cash you pay; the rest is what you borrow.
合法出租套间 (Legal Suite) / Legal Suite
符合市政规范、可以合法出租的独立套间，租金能算进收入。
A municipally-compliant rental suite whose income can count toward qualifying.